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Java™ Platform Standard Ed. 6 |
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java.lang.Object java.sql.DriverManager
public class DriverManager
The basic service for managing a set of JDBC drivers.
NOTE: The DataSource
interface, new in the
JDBC 2.0 API, provides another way to connect to a data source.
The use of a DataSource
object is the preferred means of
connecting to a data source.
As part of its initialization, the DriverManager
class will
attempt to load the driver classes referenced in the "jdbc.drivers"
system property. This allows a user to customize the JDBC Drivers
used by their applications. For example in your
~/.hotjava/properties file you might specify:
jdbc.drivers=foo.bah.Driver:wombat.sql.Driver:bad.taste.ourDriver
The DriverManager
methods getConnection
and
getDrivers
have been enhanced to support the Java Standard Edition
Service Provider mechanism. JDBC 4.0 Drivers must
include the file META-INF/services/java.sql.Driver
. This file contains the name of the JDBC drivers
implementation of java.sql.Driver
. For example, to load the my.sql.Driver
class,
the META-INF/services/java.sql.Driver
file would contain the entry:
my.sql.Driver
Applications no longer need to explictly load JDBC drivers using Class.forName()
. Existing programs
which currently load JDBC drivers using Class.forName()
will continue to work without
modification.
When the method getConnection
is called,
the DriverManager
will attempt to
locate a suitable driver from amongst those loaded at
initialization and those loaded explicitly using the same classloader
as the current applet or application.
Starting with the Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, version 1.3, a
logging stream can be set only if the proper
permission has been granted. Normally this will be done with
the tool PolicyTool, which can be used to grant permission
java.sql.SQLPermission "setLog"
.
Driver
,
Connection
Method Summary | |
---|---|
static void |
deregisterDriver(Driver driver)
Drops a driver from the DriverManager 's list. |
static Connection |
getConnection(String url)
Attempts to establish a connection to the given database URL. |
static Connection |
getConnection(String url,
Properties info)
Attempts to establish a connection to the given database URL. |
static Connection |
getConnection(String url,
String user,
String password)
Attempts to establish a connection to the given database URL. |
static Driver |
getDriver(String url)
Attempts to locate a driver that understands the given URL. |
static Enumeration<Driver> |
getDrivers()
Retrieves an Enumeration with all of the currently loaded JDBC drivers to which the current caller has access. |
static int |
getLoginTimeout()
Gets the maximum time in seconds that a driver can wait when attempting to log in to a database. |
static PrintStream |
getLogStream()
Deprecated. |
static PrintWriter |
getLogWriter()
Retrieves the log writer. |
static void |
println(String message)
Prints a message to the current JDBC log stream. |
static void |
registerDriver(Driver driver)
Registers the given driver with the DriverManager . |
static void |
setLoginTimeout(int seconds)
Sets the maximum time in seconds that a driver will wait while attempting to connect to a database. |
static void |
setLogStream(PrintStream out)
Deprecated. |
static void |
setLogWriter(PrintWriter out)
Sets the logging/tracing PrintWriter object
that is used by the DriverManager and all drivers. |
Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
---|
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
Method Detail |
---|
public static PrintWriter getLogWriter()
getLogWriter
and setLogWriter
methods should be used instead
of the get/setlogStream
methods, which are deprecated.
java.io.PrintWriter
objectsetLogWriter(java.io.PrintWriter)
public static void setLogWriter(PrintWriter out)
PrintWriter
object
that is used by the DriverManager
and all drivers.
There is a minor versioning problem created by the introduction
of the method setLogWriter
. The
method setLogWriter
cannot create a PrintStream
object
that will be returned by getLogStream
---the Java platform does
not provide a backward conversion. As a result, a new application
that uses setLogWriter
and also uses a JDBC 1.0 driver that uses
getLogStream
will likely not see debugging information written
by that driver.
Starting with the Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, version 1.3 release, this method checks
to see that there is an SQLPermission
object before setting
the logging stream. If a SecurityManager
exists and its
checkPermission
method denies setting the log writer, this
method throws a java.lang.SecurityException
.
out
- the new logging/tracing PrintStream
object;
null
to disable logging and tracing
SecurityException
- if a security manager exists and its
checkPermission
method denies
setting the log writerSecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission)
,
getLogWriter()
public static Connection getConnection(String url, Properties info) throws SQLException
DriverManager
attempts to select an appropriate driver from
the set of registered JDBC drivers.
url
- a database url of the form
jdbc:subprotocol:subname
info
- a list of arbitrary string tag/value pairs as
connection arguments; normally at least a "user" and
"password" property should be included
SQLException
- if a database access error occurspublic static Connection getConnection(String url, String user, String password) throws SQLException
DriverManager
attempts to select an appropriate driver from
the set of registered JDBC drivers.
url
- a database url of the form
jdbc:subprotocol:subname
user
- the database user on whose behalf the connection is being
madepassword
- the user's password
SQLException
- if a database access error occurspublic static Connection getConnection(String url) throws SQLException
DriverManager
attempts to select an appropriate driver from
the set of registered JDBC drivers.
url
- a database url of the form
jdbc:subprotocol:subname
SQLException
- if a database access error occurspublic static Driver getDriver(String url) throws SQLException
DriverManager
attempts to select an appropriate driver from
the set of registered JDBC drivers.
url
- a database URL of the form
jdbc:subprotocol:subname
Driver
object representing a driver
that can connect to the given URL
SQLException
- if a database access error occurspublic static void registerDriver(Driver driver) throws SQLException
DriverManager
.
A newly-loaded driver class should call
the method registerDriver
to make itself
known to the DriverManager
.
driver
- the new JDBC Driver that is to be registered with the
DriverManager
SQLException
- if a database access error occurspublic static void deregisterDriver(Driver driver) throws SQLException
DriverManager
's list.
Applets can only deregister drivers from their own classloaders.
driver
- the JDBC Driver to drop
SQLException
- if a database access error occurspublic static Enumeration<Driver> getDrivers()
Note: The classname of a driver can be found using
d.getClass().getName()
public static void setLoginTimeout(int seconds)
seconds
- the login time limit in seconds; zero means there is no limitgetLoginTimeout()
public static int getLoginTimeout()
setLoginTimeout(int)
public static void setLogStream(PrintStream out)
DriverManager
and all drivers.
In the Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, version 1.3 release, this method checks
to see that there is an SQLPermission
object before setting
the logging stream. If a SecurityManager
exists and its
checkPermission
method denies setting the log writer, this
method throws a java.lang.SecurityException
.
out
- the new logging/tracing PrintStream; to disable, set to null
SecurityException
- if a security manager exists and its
checkPermission
method denies setting the log streamSecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission)
,
getLogStream()
public static PrintStream getLogStream()
DriverManager
and all drivers.
null
setLogStream(java.io.PrintStream)
public static void println(String message)
message
- a log or tracing message
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Java™ Platform Standard Ed. 6 |
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