|
Java™ Platform Standard Ed. 6 |
|||||||||
PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
java.lang.Object java.text.Normalizer
public final class Normalizer
This class provides the method normalize
which transforms Unicode
text into an equivalent composed or decomposed form, allowing for easier
sorting and searching of text.
The normalize
method supports the standard normalization forms
described in
Unicode Standard Annex #15 — Unicode Normalization Forms.
Characters with accents or other adornments can be encoded in several different ways in Unicode. For example, take the character A-acute. In Unicode, this can be encoded as a single character (the "composed" form):
U+00C1 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH ACUTEor as two separate characters (the "decomposed" form):
U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A U+0301 COMBINING ACUTE ACCENTTo a user of your program, however, both of these sequences should be treated as the same "user-level" character "A with acute accent". When you are searching or comparing text, you must ensure that these two sequences are treated as equivalent. In addition, you must handle characters with more than one accent. Sometimes the order of a character's combining accents is significant, while in other cases accent sequences in different orders are really equivalent.
Similarly, the string "ffi" can be encoded as three separate letters:
U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F U+0069 LATIN SMALL LETTER Ior as the single character
U+FB03 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FFIThe ffi ligature is not a distinct semantic character, and strictly speaking it shouldn't be in Unicode at all, but it was included for compatibility with existing character sets that already provided it. The Unicode standard identifies such characters by giving them "compatibility" decompositions into the corresponding semantic characters. When sorting and searching, you will often want to use these mappings.
The normalize
method helps solve these problems by transforming
text into the canonical composed and decomposed forms as shown in the first
example above. In addition, you can have it perform compatibility
decompositions so that you can treat compatibility characters the same as
their equivalents.
Finally, the normalize
method rearranges accents into the
proper canonical order, so that you do not have to worry about accent
rearrangement on your own.
The W3C generally recommends to exchange texts in NFC. Note also that most legacy character encodings use only precomposed forms and often do not encode any combining marks by themselves. For conversion to such character encodings the Unicode text needs to be normalized to NFC. For more usage examples, see the Unicode Standard Annex.
Nested Class Summary | |
---|---|
static class |
Normalizer.Form
This enum provides constants of the four Unicode normalization forms that are described in Unicode Standard Annex #15 — Unicode Normalization Forms and two methods to access them. |
Method Summary | |
---|---|
static boolean |
isNormalized(CharSequence src,
Normalizer.Form form)
Determines if the given sequence of char values is normalized. |
static String |
normalize(CharSequence src,
Normalizer.Form form)
Normalize a sequence of char values. |
Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
---|
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
Method Detail |
---|
public static String normalize(CharSequence src, Normalizer.Form form)
src
- The sequence of char values to normalize.form
- The normalization form; one of
Normalizer.Form.NFC
,
Normalizer.Form.NFD
,
Normalizer.Form.NFKC
,
Normalizer.Form.NFKD
NullPointerException
- If src
or form
is null.public static boolean isNormalized(CharSequence src, Normalizer.Form form)
src
- The sequence of char values to be checked.form
- The normalization form; one of
Normalizer.Form.NFC
,
Normalizer.Form.NFD
,
Normalizer.Form.NFKC
,
Normalizer.Form.NFKD
NullPointerException
- If src
or form
is null.
|
Java™ Platform Standard Ed. 6 |
|||||||||
PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
Copyright © 1993, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.